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to boldly go where no one has gone

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before

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one problem we have to develop the

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technologies and build the vehicles to

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get us there luckily one of the main

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missions of the international space

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station program is to develop and

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demonstrate technology capabilities that

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will enable future exploration missions

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beyond low earth orbit

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the iss is a critical testbed for

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verifying a variety of technologies

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systems and materials that will enable

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future long duration exploration

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missions to infinity and beyond hi i'm

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nasa astronaut tracy dyson welcome to

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station line

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today we're going to talk about the iss

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as a platform to test and demonstrate

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new technologies that will enable us to

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go on future exploration missions beyond

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low earth orbit to infinity and beyond

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no kidding we're talking about potential

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missions to asteroids and even mars

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right now scott kelly's on the iss for

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the one year mission nasa scientists are

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hoping to learn more about the effects

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of prolonged space flight on the human

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body

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typically our stay aboard the

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international space station is about six

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months long and right now a mission to

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mars would take 30 months

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we need to know how to stay healthy for

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long periods of time if we're going to

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take on a journey like this and there's

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only one place to learn how you guessed

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it the international space station

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there's a lot of interest right now in

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the journey to mars great strides are

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taking place in the orion program and

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the sls rocket which we hope will take

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us to mars someday check out this video

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from nasa's associate administrator bill

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gerstenmaier as he discusses the

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challenges we face on a journey to mars

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and the lessons we've learned from the

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if the future of mankind means living on

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another planet

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our close neighbor mars has got to be a

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it's a huge challenge for us but it's

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not so overwhelming that we couldn't get

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this is no pipe dream the engines rocket

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bodies and abort systems to make this

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journey to mars and back are being built

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and here is a preview of the space

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launch system or sls

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scheduled for its first test flight in

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it will be the most powerful rocket in

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history

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designed like the shuttle to take huge

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payloads into orbit

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it's about as tall as the statue of

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liberty and it can launch 130 metric

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the sls is designed to carry a crew

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and nasa's plans for testing the capsule

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involve capturing an asteroid and having

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the astronauts do a space walk to

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before returning to earth

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this is kind of our proving ground to

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build those next series of concepts and

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techniques and hardware that will be

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much of what happens on the space

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station today lays the groundwork for a

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future when nasa is ready to transport

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the human mission to mars will

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eventually require another spaceship

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built on the same scale and in the same

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way as space station

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we've learned from station we can build

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over multiple years decades and actually

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assemble a fairly large structure

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it will be built from parts flown into

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orbit by the new sls

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once complete and with orion attached as

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the mars lander the new spaceship will

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embark on the sixth month voyage to the

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red planet

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we're ready to break that tie with the

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home planet and become independent of

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the earth we better have learned all

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those lessons from space station this is

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not the beginning of the end this is

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really the beginning of a new bright

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and then

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rs-25 rocket engine

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heat shield testing

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ground systems development and

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rocket core

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solid rocket booster construction

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solid rocket booster test

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commit the motor

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motor is committed that flush is on

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t minus 10 is 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 five

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nasa is suiting up

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getting ready to send humans on a

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journey to mars

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to do it right the space suit must be

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tough

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shielding the astronaut from dust heat

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cold radiation it must be sophisticated

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providing air power communications

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the spacesuit must be flexible allowing

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the human body the freedom to explore

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we have 50 years of experience suiting

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up sending humans out of the spacecraft

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and what nasa calls extra vehicular

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activity

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we have walked in space

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and proved there was a universe of

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possibilities that awaited us

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we have shown that with a spacesuit

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human hands can repair

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with spacesuits we even explored the

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moon

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opening new frontiers and expanding our

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knowledge

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and as nasa prepares to travel further

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into the solar system a new generation

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of spacesuits will help us make future

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suit up with us and explore this nasa

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website celebrating 50 years of extra

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welcome back we already mentioned how

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the iss is a great place to learn how to

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live in space

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one of the basic things we're figuring

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out is how to grow food in space

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a series of experiments called veggie is

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helping us to learn how to grow food in

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space right now

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the farther and longer humans go away

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from earth the greater the need will be

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to grow plants for food atmosphere

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revitalization and psychological benefit

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check out this video about growing

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lettuce on the international space

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station

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it's spring and all around the northern

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hemisphere gardeners are planting seeds

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tilling soil and watering crops

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imagine a gardener's surprise however if

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the water from the hose instead of

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hitting the soil and sinking in floated

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up to the sky or if the soil itself rose

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up from the ground and fled the garden

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that's exactly the kind of dilemma

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astronauts aboard the international

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space station have faced for years

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without gravity how do you make your

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garden grow the situation is even more

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confusing for plants in a weightless

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environment up and down have no meaning

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so roots grow in odd chaotic directions

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shoots that emerge from the soil in

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search of sun find instead a cold

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metallic lamp that never rises or sets

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and needless to say it never rains

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inside the space station in 2014 the

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spacex falcon rocket carrying the dragon

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cargo spacecraft blasted off from cape

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canaveral in florida with a possible

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solution to these problems we call it

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veggie

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it's a plant growth chamber designed to

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make gardens thrive in weightlessness

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joya masa who leads the veggie science

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team has been working on the project for

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years veggie's heritage traces back

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decades to experiments with plants

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onboard the russian space station mir

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and nasa's space shuttles

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in all that time nasa astronauts have

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never tasted homegrown food in space

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but that could soon change our first

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crop will be a variety of lettuce called

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outredges it is delicious

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veggie solves the problems of

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weightlessness using plant pillows

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basically these are bags of quote space

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dirt and slow release fertilizer

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wicks inserted into the bags draw water

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into the soil where it can't float away

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in addition to guiding water the wicks

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act as kind of a gardening stake the

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wicks are where we glue the seeds we

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have to be very careful to orient the

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seeds so that the roots grow down into

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the soil and the shoots pop out of the

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back

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when the shoots emerge they find an

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array of leds shining overhead providing

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light for photosynthesis and a sense of

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direction to keep the shoots moving up

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the bellows like walls of the chamber

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allow it to expand to make room for the

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growing crop

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pictures of veggie often show the

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chamber flooded with a mixture of red

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and blue light

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that's the color of light plants use

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most for photosynthesis

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we're just giving them what they want

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under a purplish light plants appear

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gray and unappetizing who wants to look

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at that

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astronaut gardeners can switch on green

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leds as well adding that color to the

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red blue mix produces white light and

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displays the garden to better effect

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the appearance of the garden is

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important because gardening has

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psychological as well as nutritional

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benefits

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compared to earth spaceships are a

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relatively lifeless environment

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cold metallic and sterile

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plants allow astronauts to form a

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connection to living things

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there could be a huge psychological

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benefit

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chalking up another success for

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commercial space flight the dragon

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capsule delivered veggie to the space

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station on sunday april 20th 2014. the

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first crop of outregis was harvested in

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late may of 2014 but astronauts weren't

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allowed to taste test

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first we had to bring the lettuce home

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for analysis

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thankfully it turned out fine no

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bacteria or contaminations were found

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the latest veggie experiment on the iss

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will be harvested in august of 2015 to

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be half eaten by the crew and half

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frozen for further analysis

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tomatoes

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and artichokes

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a space cheeseburger

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you may not know this but the

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international space station was

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assembled by partners from 15 countries

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over a 15-year period using huge robotic

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arms to do the construction work that

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was too large and massive for astronauts

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to handle on their own for future

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exploration we plan to use these same

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large robotic arms to do a lot of the

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heavy lifting but we also have

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humanoid-like robots to assist

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astronauts in doing the smaller

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fundamental space exploration tasks

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let's hear from our very own robotics

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genius dr rob ambrose from the johnson

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space center as he explains the

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significant role that robotics will play

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so in this lab we've got a number of

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robotic systems that you see behind me

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these are the robonauts in fact the

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second generation robonaut 2 as we refer

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to it these robots are some of the first

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caretakers that nasa has developed

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we've got one on space station right now

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in fact

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it's got legs like the one over my right

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shoulder

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it's able to move around on the space

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station and get to wherever it needs to

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be to do some work

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it's got pretty amazing hands not as

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good as human hands but good enough that

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it can handle a tool that's built for a

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human and what that allows

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is that the robot is able to work with

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the same interfaces and equipment that

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are built for the people

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if i were to ask space station once you

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start all over again and

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put in a bunch of rails and other things

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that would allow me to use a simpler

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robot they'll say uh

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go away you know it's it's already built

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and it's built for people and we're not

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going to go customize everything just

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for a robot and that's that's reasonable

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if you can get the world to adapt to

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your design you know that's great

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because then you can use a simpler

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robotic system but it's good work if you

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can get it but most of the world's

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already built and it's built for us as

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humans

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so

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we're kind of turning the corner where

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we now have this new opportunity to

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have a robot that can work in a

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world built for people now it's harder

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but the technology is now there

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a robot that can handle a tool built for

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the human hand a robot that can climb or

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even walk into a location that was

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developed for a human to get to we're

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now

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able to do that

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and so it allows us to just accept the

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human as the standard and not have to

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build extra equipment just for the

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robots the most sophisticated jobs well

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we're not there yet human judgment is

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is you know

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far ahead of where we are with robots

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you know they'll just stare at something

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and it just looks shiny to a robot

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humans have the judgment and that's what

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we really want to use with our

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astronauts in space

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a robot can do things like here hold

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this

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for four hours you know crummy job for a

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person

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turns out robots like to stand still

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they're really good at it so if you have

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a job that's crummy for a person let's

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have a robot do that task and then we'll

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save the astronauts time which is very

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valuable for the ones that really need

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as you can see for the future of human

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exploration it's all about the

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technology so to get the big picture of

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advancing technologies and how it all

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fits together let's hear from the chief

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technologist from the johnson space

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center douglas terrier

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awesome

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i'd like to tell you about how we're

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using the international space station as

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a critical element in our technology

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development strategy to develop the

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capabilities that we need to send humans

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into deep space and eventually to mars

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so we have a comprehensive technology

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development strategy at nasa where we

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work with the

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exploration architecture teams to

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understand exactly what the critical

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capabilities are that we need for humans

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to survive in deep space for the

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extended missions that we

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anticipate to go to the moon region and

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on to mars using our research and

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technology money we've demonstrated

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those capabilities on the ground and

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we're now ready to demonstrate them in a

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microgravity environment so the

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international space station provides the

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ideal platform for doing that today we

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have an r2 robot humanoid robot on the

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international space station and we're

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using that as an as a way to prove out a

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lot of the capabilities and automation

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that we need to demonstrate for eventual

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operation of that system in deep space

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exploration missions

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in this episode of station life we

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learned how the international space

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station is being used as a test bed for

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new exploration technologies so we can

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go beyond low earth orbit we're refining

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how to grow food in space

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we're learning more about the effects of

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long-duration space flight with the

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current one-year mission in astronaut

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scott kelly we're testing laser

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communication systems and understanding

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what's required in keeping our life

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support systems functioning reliably you

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better believe that the technologies

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developed for space exploration often

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find applications right here on earth

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nasa spinoffs provide solutions for

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challenges in the fields of health and

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medicine industrial production

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communications transportation consumer

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goods public safety and much much more

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imagine doctors giving an ultrasound

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to patients hundreds of miles away

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imagine tiny life-saving heart pumps

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created with rocket engine technology

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imagine robot-assisted surgery

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nasa did while creating the advanced

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technologies needed for space missions

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nasa has developed medical innovations

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that can be applied to life right here

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on earth

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these technologies give first responders

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fast and reliable medical tools that

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00:23:50,390 --> 00:23:48,159
help save lives they also enhance

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00:23:52,710 --> 00:23:50,400
preventive care

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the thermometer pills originally made

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for astronauts which are now used to

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make sure athletes firefighters and

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00:24:01,830 --> 00:23:59,279
soldiers don't overheat in the field

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nasa's innovations have even resulted in

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nutrition plans that help people stay

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00:24:08,789 --> 00:24:06,720
healthy and lose weight

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spin-offs like these are just a few

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examples

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of how nasa technology turns science

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fiction

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into science fact

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there's more space in your life

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thanks captain as you can see we're well

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00:24:30,470 --> 00:24:29,039
on our way to going where no human has

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00:24:32,470 --> 00:24:30,480
gone before

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00:24:34,310 --> 00:24:32,480
be sure to stay in touch and follow us

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00:24:36,230 --> 00:24:34,320
on facebook and twitter for the latest

426
00:24:38,149 --> 00:24:36,240
research news and don't forget to

427
00:24:40,789 --> 00:24:38,159
download our kick and app on your mobile

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00:24:42,870 --> 00:24:40,799
device until next time we're working off

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00:24:44,310 --> 00:24:42,880
the earth for the earth

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00:24:46,789 --> 00:24:44,320
to infinity

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00:24:47,990 --> 00:24:46,799
and beyond